What is periodontitis
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation of the tissues that support the tooth: bone, gingiva, and periodontal ligament. It is often the natural evolution of untreated gingivitis and, if left untreated, can cause gum retraction, tooth mobility and, in severe cases, tooth loss. It is a progressive but treatable disease, especially if diagnosed early.
Periodontology:
Treats diseases affecting the supporting organ of the tooth
What is pyorrhea or periodontitis?
Gum infection caused by bacteria
Symptoms:
Reddened, bleeding, swollen, sore, receding gums
Causes:
Improper hygiene, smoking, stress, predisposition, certain drugs, diet, pregnancy
Types of care:
Periodic specialist visits, non-surgical periodontal therapy, in advanced stages surgery is used
Causes and risk factors of periodontitis
Periodontitis is mainly caused by the accumulation of plaque and tartar under the gum line. Major risk factors include poor oral hygiene, smoking, genetic predisposition, diabetes, stress, and hormonal changes. Certain malocclusions or unsuitable dentures may also contribute to the development of the disease. Recognition of early signs is critical to intervene in time.
How to treat periodontitis
The treatment of periodontitis involves initial nonsurgical therapy called root grinding (or curettage), which removes plaque and tartar deep beneath the gums. In more advanced cases, regenerative or resective surgical therapies may be necessary. Periodic follow-up, maintenance of home hygiene, and monitoring by the periodontist is essential to avoid recurrence.
Prevention and maintenance after treatment
Prevention of periodontitis begins with good daily oral hygiene and regular checkups at the dentist. After treatment, it is essential to follow a personalized maintenance program with frequent (every 3-6 months) professional hygiene sessions. This keeps the bacterial load under control, monitors any recurrences, and maintains periodontal tissue stability over time.
The stages of the pathway
The periodontal dental examination
This phase involves a diagnostic study of the health status of the supporting tissues of the teeth, through:
Periodontal status: multiple radiographs showing bone levels, tartar, pockets, caries.
Photographs: for analysis of gingival recessions, dental anatomy and status of adherent gingiva.
Periodontal chart: using a millimeter probe, the stage of pockets, bleeding, plaque, gingival recessions, tooth mobility are assessed.
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The revaluation
After therapy, the stage of pathology is re-evaluated, through:
new intraoral examination
evolution of symptoms
new periodontal chart
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Non-surgical periodontal therapy (TPNC)
The goal is to recover as much of the previously lost periodontal tissue as possible, without resorting to surgery.
The course includes:
oral hygiene instruction and motivation;
elimination of bacteria;
tissue stimulation;
Repeated sessions of: dental hygiene and non-surgical periodontal therapy (TPNC) will be performed. Microscope, Glycine Powders, Laser, manual curettes are the tools to be able to treat the disease through:
the thorough cleaning of the pockets with the removal of plaque and tartar, ;
the removal of diseased tissue;
the stimulation of the body's antibacterial activity.
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The maintenance
Once the treatment is over, the maintenance phase of the achieved health status will begin with periodic oral hygiene sessions.
In the early stages, maintenance will be carried out every 4 to 6 months while, in the advanced stages, maintenance sessions should be carried out every 3 to 4 months.
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Clinical cases
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